Obviously, the introduction of the notion lexical unit has serious consequences for the distinction between homonymy and polysemy. a full linguistic sign in Saussure's sense. However, up to Cruse (1986) a precise term was missing in lexicology and lexical semantics for the combination of a specific form with a single sense, i.e. Sometimes the complete meaning of a lexeme is called a semanteme. make a clear distinction between the seme (or semantic feature) and the sememe, defined as a complex or configuration of semes, which corresponds to a single sense of a lexeme. "he introduction of the concept lexical unit (although within the restricted technical language of linguistics) is itself an illustration of the concept-forming power of the word.If the word needed to express a fairly clear notion does not come to mind or is actually unknown, laity says, 'how shall I put it' (the person has the notion but cannot find the word for it)." (Adam Makkai, "Luminous Loci in Lex-Eco-Memory: Toward a Pragmo-Ecological Resolution of the Metaphysical Debate Concerning the Reality or Fictitiousness of Words." Functional Approaches to Language, Culture and Cognition, ed. If such a lexeme is a common one-e.g., the meaning of father, mother, milk or sun, native speakers are not consciously aware of the definitional meaning of such a form, but they can, nevertheless, immediately 'translate' such a form into another language they know, say German, and come up with Vater, Mutter, Milch or Sonne. What laity calls 'the meaning of a simple word' is the semantically always-complex sememe that stands behind or 'sponsors' a given lexeme. "What laity calls a 'simple word' is probably a monomorphemic lexeme identifiable rather obviously with a major part of speech, as one is taught in traditional pedagogic grammars."The reason for this neglect of a most useful principle in linguistics arises from the fact that it is difficult to explain to linguists of other persuasions, to students, etc., just what it is that the stratificationalist means by the term sememe." (Adam Makkai, "How Does a Sememe Mean?" Essays in Honor of Charles F. meant foregoing the benefit of a powerful generalization. Bloomfield offered no clear distinction between morpheme and lexeme, however, and this lack of clarification. The evolution of the concept is fairly straight as well: in Bloomfield's Language (1933) the term sememe refers to the meaning of a morpheme. For technical and working purposes such a definition of the sememe is quite satisfactory and one need take no further issue with it. , one refers to the sememe as the realizate of a lexeme, or that piece of fragment of a network of man's cognitive knowledge that the given lexeme happens to realize. "In customary stratificationalist parlance.Thus, in Bloomfield's view, the identification of a morpheme was based on the identification of a sequence of phonemes which could be assigned a meaning that was constant and different from all other meanings." (Gisa Rauh, Syntactic Categories: Their Identification and Description in Linguistic Theories. The sememe was a constant and definite unit of meaning which differed from all other meanings, including all other sememes.
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